Physiotherapy provides comprehensive knee rehabilitation — combining targeted strengthening, manual therapy, taping, and patient education for lasting pain reduction.

Weight loss is one of the most effective interventions for knee osteoarthritis — each kilogram lost reduces knee joint load by four kilograms during walking.

Strengthening the quadriceps is the cornerstone of conservative knee pain management — reducing joint load, improving stability, and significantly reducing pain in osteoarthritis and patellofemoral syndrome.

Topical diclofenac gel applied to the knee provides local anti-inflammatory pain relief with significantly fewer systemic side effects than oral NSAIDs.

Acupuncture is one of the most studied complementary therapies for knee pain, with evidence specifically for knee osteoarthritis.

Patellar taping and knee bracing modify patellofemoral joint mechanics, providing immediate pain relief for patellofemoral pain syndrome and some forms of knee OA.

Boswellia serrata has the strongest herbal evidence for knee osteoarthritis specifically, with multiple RCTs showing reduction in pain and improvement in walking distance.

Glucosamine sulphate (prescription grade) has RCT evidence for reducing knee OA pain and may slow joint space narrowing with long-term use.

Aquatic exercise and hydrotherapy allow strengthening and aerobic exercise with significantly reduced knee joint loading, making it accessible for people with moderate-severe knee pain.

Intra-articular corticosteroid injections provide short-term pain relief for moderate-to-severe knee osteoarthritis flares, reducing synovial inflammation rapidly.